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Notes from Executive Director Scott Garrison

Nov 1, 2024 | News

In his July 2024 book Mastering AI, Fortune AI Editor Jeremy Kahn makes the case that whether artificial intelligence (AI) offers more promise or problems depends greatly on how we create, implement, use, regulate, and control it. Kahn details AI’s history and those behind it, its current state (already out of date given how rapidly AI is advancing), ways it will increasingly influence and impact humans by way of a broad swath of industries, and potential nearer and farther future scenarios, all in a well-researched, very accessible, and thought-provoking manner. To keep up with Kahn’s current writing on AI, subscribe to Fortune’s free Eye on AI newsletter. To learn more about how current generative AI works, which publishers allow their content to be used to train it, and much more, consider asking your favorite AI system (mine are Claude and Microsoft Copilot because of how they are trained). 

I recommend Mastering AI highly as a comprehensive look at AI with useful information for all types of libraries. Continuing from my observations from February, May, and June 2024, here are some of my takeaways from Mastering AI. Kahn does a great job balancing potential benefits and sobering risks, as well as ethics around AI from perspectives far too numerous to list here. 

1. Though ChatGPT has attracted enormous attention and use since its release just two years ago in November 2022, AI’s roots go back to Alan Turing’s late-1940s work on how computers could mimic human intelligence. Kahn brings us from Turing to more recent development of machine learning and neural networks, including the pioneering work of 2024 Nobel Prize winners Geoffrey Hinton (the “godfather of AI” at the University of Toronto) and Demis Hassabis (Google DeepMind), and how Google, Microsoft, and others have invested billions in AI development through acquisitions and business deals with OpenAI and others.

2. AI can be an “ultimate intellectual technology” that extends and supports our mental powers and changes how and what we think like the map, clock, book, computer, camera, and other previous technologies did. It can analyze massive amounts of data, find patterns, and predict, simulate, count, and categorize things much faster than we can (e.g., analyzing weather patterns, predicting protein structures, and analyzing entire genomes). We can team with it to review, edit, and apply human morals, values, lived experience, and judgment that AI doesn’t have, to use what it tells us with and for other humans through science, medicine, and other fields. An important question is exactly whose judgment, etc. we are applying to use AI-generated information.

3. AI’s results are only as good as the data we use to train it, as influenced by historical biases and stereotypes. Again, which morals and values impact how data are created, and how and for what we should use AI? AI doesn’t know what it is and isn’t supposed to be used to do. Some systems like Claude use constitutional AI principles, which are still less reliable than a person with written rules. Some companies are using reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) to guide AI to give appropriate and helpful answers, and some outsource or offshore that work as with call centers. As we know as librarians, labeling data is extremely important for how automated systems function, and that work often requires human judgment and is being offshored also. What are the implications, especially lacking regulation and law around AI and labor in many countries including the U.S.? In some fields such as medicine, data about Black people and women are underrepresented. How can we increase representation in data to increase AI’s accuracy and prevent it from reinforcing past biases around racism, sexism, and other prejudices?

4. Humans and AI will need to work together for the foreseeable future in a “centaur” approach where we and AI each bring strengths to a task. How can we avoid automation bias, over-trusting or over-relying on AI in ways that allow us to not have to remember as much, build or retain expertise, or make decisions? What might that mean for our own critical thinking skills? What happens when AI companies competing fiercely to reach artificial general intelligence (AGI) and artificial superintelligence (ASI) actually achieve it? Which tasks will humans stop or start doing, and what will be the impacts on labor in healthcare, manufacturing, education, law, lab science, and even the arts? How can AI grow productivity, and for which workers? Will as many as 1/3 of jobs globally be automated by the mid-2030s, and what new jobs might arise and where, following from previous historical periods like the Industrial Revolution? How will humans continue correcting the inevitable mistakes that AI makes?

5. Kahn sees AI moving from current assistants to a personal agent or “copilot” that can help with tasks as the next big thing. This could be a personal tutor (such as OpenAI and Khan Academy’s Khanmigo) that gets to know a student over their K-12 years and guides the student in applying to college or toward a career path, or helps draft content the student can proof and fact-check. AI can help a teacher change how they engage with students to assess learning, and could be a learning analytics assistant to aggregate data about how well students understand and complete assignments and support timely interventions. Though AI can’t deliver experiences like higher education can, will some students consider AI a substitute for higher education? Not all schools and students can afford the technology these scenarios require – what policies do we need to create equitable access? How might AI actually be a tool for greater equity for students with different levels of resources and language skills? As companies use copilots increasingly, how can they guard against human biases influencing AI further (which may drive further inequity)?

6. Unlike the government-created Internet that makes AI use possible, AI is being developed by the for-profit private sector absent robust government regulation. Because it is built to mimic human intelligence, it is inherently deceptive and has learned deception through the training data we give it. While Kahn asserts that people should always be informed when they’re interacting with AI software, OpenAI’s opaque model for ChatGPT shields it from scrutiny by regulators and the public. It also helps hide the use of copyrighted content without consent, and many are concerned about the amount of copyrighted content in many large language model (LLM) training data. Current law is unclear about what is fair use or “fair learning” with respect to AI and copyrighted content, and whether AI-generated content is copyrightable. How should rights and fees work in the age of AI? We need companies to reveal how AI has been trained and allow independent audit and testing, and for AI systems to inform users completely. This will require government action. Following from current AI-powered cyberfraud techniques including deepfakes, Zoom face-swapping, voice cloning, and composing phishing emails that include malware, unregulated AI could become capable of more sophisticated financial and other fraud. Kahn suggests that cybersecurity experts could use AI to find and fix vulnerabilities before bad actors can find and exploit them.

7. Geopolitics around AI are complicated to say the least. Some believe that whoever controls AI will be able to control the world. Current leading AI chipmaker Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company’s (TSMC) main base in Taiwan is under ongoing threat of invasion from China, and their Arizona plant is now producing comparable output. The U.S. CHIPS and Science Act is expected to foster more domestic chipmaking. Hyperscalers such as Meta are working to develop their own AI chips.

8. As I’ve alluded to, AI comes with many paradoxes. It may free us up from many current tasks, and it may hinder some of the very things that make us human. It may make some jobs obsolete, and create new ones we haven’t conceived of yet. It may unlock the ability to synthesize proteins and develop new drugs faster than ever before, and it may also unlock the ability to create (as well as neutralize) bioweapons. From training to operation and use, AI is extremely resource, energy- and water-consumptive given the high-performance computer chips it needs and the cooling AI server data centers need. It also may lead us to new solutions to climate change.  

To Kahn, the dangers that AI poses to our intelligence, ability to write, think, empathize and make sound judgments are perhaps its most dire circumstances, and yet, he considers AI’s potential benefits to society worth the risks. He suggests we prepare by developing political will and policy solutions to guide how AI is created, used, and managed. We know that AI advances every day and will be increasingly prevalent in society with time. I hope Kahn is correct in saying that businesses that maintain a feedback loop between people, data, and AI will be the most successful in the future. 

If you’re interested in AI, I hope you’ll read this excellent book. I’ll close with just a few more questions for you. How are you using AI today at work and/or life in general? As MCLS considers how we use AI as an organization, what matters most to you as a member library? What are your favorite resources on AI and libraries, and why? If you’ve read Mastering AI, what are your key takeaways? What future AI topics might I cover in this space? Let me know, at garrisons@mcls.org.  

Related News

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North Adams Memorial Community Library is preserving and celebrating local history  

by MCLS Engagement Strategist Laura Warren-Gross 

North Adams Memorial Community Library opened its new facility in 2020 during COVID-19. Now, six years later they are fully open, and the community is making use of their engaging spaces and programs. The North Adams community passed a millage in August of 2026 which will allow the staff and board to continue focusing on their strategic goals of access, being a community hub, providing opportunities for lifelong learning, and preserving local history and culture. 

The library is located near the K-12 school and when I visited with director Mariel Busch in early June over 200 students were already registered for summer reading. Through a partnership with local businesses and the village, a sidewalk was being constructed to connect the school grounds to the library parking lot so that kids can easily walk between the two facilities. 

Mariel has recently earned her MLIS from Wayne State University with a concentration in Archival Administration, and she is putting that knowledge to use by creating a local history room. Back issues of the region’s newspaper have been donated to the library, and the staff is working to digitize them. They also have an extensive history of the town written by Marie Davis. With the permission of the family, the library staff is working to digitize this precious information for the enjoyment of future generations. Though they have borrowed a digitization kit previously, Mariel hopes to own equipment via grant funding to do this work. 

As a place to discover local history, engage in programming, and borrow resources, North Adams Community Memorial Library is a vibrant hub for everyone who walks through the doors. 

What makes your library unique? Engagement, Consulting, and Training team members would love to hear about your library and share your story! Interested? Contact us at engagement@mcls.org. 

Aug 28, 2026

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Join MCLS for a day of hands-on learning at the 2026 Members Annual Event!

Event Details

Presenters: Kate McDowell (keynote) and Thom Fladung (workshop)

Date: Friday, Oct. 9, 2026

Attendance options:

  1. In-person – full program: 9:15 a.m. – 3:30 p.m. Eastern
  2. Virtual – opening remarks & keynote address: 9:45 – 11:30 a.m. Eastern

Location:
St. Joseph County Public Library Community Learning Center
305 S. Michigan St., South Bend, IN 46601
Google Maps


Registration

Choose how to attend:

• In person (REGISTER HERE)
Register by 5 p.m. on Sept. 18
$75 per person (includes a light breakfast, lunch, and beverages)

• Virtual (REGISTER HERE)
Register by 12 p.m. on Oct. 7
$25 per person to participate in the opening remarks and keynote live on Zoom

Registration is limited and open to anyone from an MCLS member organization. Check your membership status here. Not a member? Join today!


Overnight Accommodations

MCLS has secured a special group rate of $149.00 USD at the following nearby hotel:

Aloft by Marriott South Bend
111 N Main St., South Bend, IN 46601
Phone: 574-288-8000
Google Maps

Check In: Thursday, Oct. 8, 2026.
Check Out: Friday, Oct. 9, 2026
Hotel reservation link

The last day to book your stay at the special group rate is Tuesday, Sept. 8, 2026.


About the Program

Agenda

Times are Eastern (local time) and subject to change.

9:15 a.m.           Registration/ light breakfast (fruit, pastries, and beverages)
10 a.m.              Opening remarks by MCLS
10:30 a.m.         Keynote: Data Storytelling in Libraries presented by Kate McDowell
11:30 a.m.         Workshop: Crisis Communication with Thom Fladung
12:30 p.m.         Lunch (taco bar, dessert, and beverages)
1:30 p.m.           Workshop: Crisis Communication with Thom Fladung
3 p.m.                Wrap-up
TBA Experiential library tour: SJCPL

Experiential library tour

St. Joseph County Public Library is planning a unique tour experience for in-person attendees!

Learn more about the resources, services, and spaces that SJCPL’s Main Library has to offer on a staff led tour. Highlights will include:

  • The Youth Services Department
  • The library’s new bookmobile, The Dream Machine
  • Studio 304
  • A hands-on learning activity in the Local & Family History Department
  • Crisis Intervention staff, including the library’s in-house social worker, will also be available to discuss how SJCPL has moved to a trauma informed approach when interacting with patrons. 

Note: tour times will be determined based on feedback from the event registration form.


Keynote Address

Photo credit: KateMcDowell.com

Kate McDowell, author and professor at the School of Information Sciences at the University of Illinois at Urbana Champaign will present on data storytelling in libraries.

About Kate McDowell 

Professor Kate McDowell focuses on storytelling as information research, social justice storytelling, and how the history of library storytelling can enhance contemporary data storytelling. Her projects engage contexts such as public libraries, non-profit fundraising, and health misinformation in online discourse. This research takes many forms, from publications to storytelling workshops and toolkits to research roles with international coalitions and working groups. She leads the nationally-funded Data Storytelling Toolkit for Librarians project to equip libraries with narrative tools for data-informed advocacy, which has been used by over 5,000 librarians in over 50 countries so far. Her book for libraries, Critical Data Storytelling for Libraries: Crafting Ethical Narratives for Advocacy and Impact, came out in 2025. 

Read more about Kate McDowell on her website

Workshop: Putting Crisis Communications in Play

Photo credit: crisiscommunications.com

Thom Fladung will lead a hands-on workshop on crisis communication best practices and techniques including brainstorming key messages and participating in mock interviews, to help you prepare for any media interview or public speaking opportunity. With his practical approach to instruction and years of experience, you will walk away with pragmatic tips and best practices that you can put into play immediately to effectively communicate during a crisis.

About Thom Fladung

Thom Fladung serves as managing partner for Hennes Communications. He brings more than 33 years of daily newspaper and digital media experience to the agency, having served as a top editor at some of the nation’s largest newspapers such as the Cleveland Plain Dealer and the Detroit Free Press. Over the past decade, Fladung has also played a lead role in helping newsrooms enter the digital age, including web, social media and handheld digital devices.

Thom is an expert at crafting effective, strategic messages on hard deadlines. He is also experienced at quickly evaluating, assembling and disseminating information – crisis management skills that are critically important for clients coping with reputation management issues and breaking crises. In 2017, Thom received the Communicator of the Year award from the International Association of Business Communicators.

Learn more about Thom on the Hennes Communications website.



Special thanks to our location sponsor

Aug 26, 2026

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Insights from Executive Director Scott Garrison

Fall conference and event season is just around the corner, and I encourage you to engage with MCLS staff and Board of Directors members when our paths cross this fall. 

In September, we’ll have staff and Board members at the following conference: 

Upper Peninsula Region of Library Cooperation Annual Conference (September 21-22)  

  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 
  • Andrea Ingmire, MCLS Board Michigan At-Large Representative 
  • Tara Kanon, MeLCat Support Specialist and Statewide Delivery Coordinator 
  • David Votta, Interim State Librarian of Michigan 
  • Lisa Waskin, MCLS Board Michigan Public Library Representative 

In October, find us at the following conferences and events: 

Association for Library Service to Children National Institute (October 1-3) 

  • Ann Kaskinen, TALK Program Coordinator 

MCLS Members Annual Event (October 9 – list below subject to change) 

  • Sarah Beaubien, eLicensing and Collection Resources Manager 
  • Sean Cwiek, IT Manager 
  • Jan Davidson, Library Consultant 
  • Megan Dudek, Shared Library Systems Manager 
  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 
  • Gwen Haviland, Membership and Training Coordinator/Project Specialist 
  • Mike Hawthorne, MCLS Board Michigan Research Library Representative (President) 
  • Kalyn Huson, Association Coordinator and Administrative Specialist 
  • Tara Kanon, MeLCat Support Specialist and Statewide Delivery Coordinator 
  • Ann Kaskinen, TALK Program Coordinator 
  • Jenny Kobiela-Mondor, Library Strategist 
  • Kendra Lake, MCLS Board Michigan Academic Library Representative (Vice President) 
  • Beth McNeil, MCLS Board Indiana At-Large Representative (Secretary) 
  • James Orme, Financial Controller/Business Manager 
  • Stephen Patton, MCLS Board Indiana At-Large Representative (Treasurer) 
  • Josh Petrusa, MCLS Board Indiana Academic Library Representative 
  • Mary Ruthko, Marketing and Communication Specialist 
  • Pam Seabolt, Engagement, Consulting, and Training Manager 
  • Trista Smith, MCLS Board Indiana Public Library Representative 
  • Laura Warren-Gross, Engagement Strategist 

Michigan Museums Association Annual Conference (October 19-21) 

  • Chelsea Denault, MDPN Coordinator 
  • Maria Ketcham, MCLS Board Michigan Special Library Representative 

MCLS Board of Directors Meeting and Retreat (October 25-27) 

  • Megan Dudek, Shared Library Systems Manager 
  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 
  • Kalyn Huson, Association Coordinator and Administrative Specialist 
  • Pam Seabolt, Engagement, Consulting, and Training Manager 
  • The MCLS Board of Directors 

Michigan Library Association Annual Conference (October 28-30) 

  • Jan Davidson, Library Consultant 
  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 
  • Gwen Haviland, Membership and Training Coordinator/Project Specialist 
  • Andrea Ingmire, MCLS Board Michigan At-Large Representative 
  • Mario Johnson, Administrative/eLicensing and Collection Resources Assistant 
  • Tara Kanon, MeLCat Support Specialist and Statewide Delivery Coordinator 
  • Jenny Kobiela-Mondor, Library Strategist 
  • Jackie Licalzi, MeLCat System Administrator 
  • Mary Ruthko, Marketing and Communication Specialist 
  • Pam Seabolt, Engagement, Consulting, and Training Manager 
  • David Votta, Interim State Librarian of Michigan 
  • Laura Warren-Gross, Engagement Strategist 
  • Lisa Waskin, MCLS Board Michigan Public Library Representative 

Michigan Association of School Librarians Annual Conference (October 28-30) 

  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 
  • Jenny Kobiela-Mondor, Library Strategist 

In November, we hope to see you at the following conferences and events: 

Charleston Conference (November 3-6) 

  • Sarah Beaubien, eLicensing and Collection Resources Manager 
  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 

Indiana Library Federation Annual Conference (November 8-10) 

  • Scott Garrison, Executive Director 
  • Jenny Kobiela-Mondor, Library Strategist 
  • Laura Warren-Gross, Engagement Strategist 
  • Rain Smith, MCLS Board Indiana School Library Representative 
  • Trista Smith, MCLS Board Indiana Public Library Representative 
  • Jake Speer, State Librarian of Indiana 

Michigan OER Network Conference (November 13) 

  • Sarah Beaubien, eLicensing and Collection Resources Manager 
  • Kendra Lake, MCLS Board Michigan Academic Library Representative (Vice President) 

Finally, please save the date for the MCLS Annual Meeting: Tuesday, December 8 at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time online via Zoom. Watch your email for registration information, and we’ll look forward to seeing you there. 

Our staff work hard representing MCLS at these and other conferences and events. We hope to see you and connect. Until then, contact me anytime at garrisons@mcls.org.

Have a question, idea, or story to share? Let us know

Aug 26, 2026

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